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#INTAGLIO PRINTS ARE MADE FROM PROFESSIONAL#
As processes became more complex, artists began to create work in professional printshops under the guidance of a master printer. Later artists like Vincent Van Gogh would be profoundly affected by the printmaking practice of artists like Hokusai. Over time, the “toolbox” of printmaking techniques expanded to include etching, mezzotint, and eventually lithography, monoprint and screenprinting. About the same time, Japanese artists such as Katsushika Hokusai took woodblock printing to new heights. Two centuries later, Rembrandt’s mastery of the intaglio medium enabled him to create an important group of over three hundred printmaking plates. Albrecht Dürer dazzled fifteenth century audiences with the exquisite detail and craftsmanship of his paintings, woodblock prints, and engravings. In the fifteenth century, Gutenberg’s printed Bible ushered in a whole new era of literacy.įrom the Renaissance onward, individual artists became known for their spectacular use of printmaking. In fourteenth century Europe, woodcut prints became a popular way to distribute Christian images to the common people because acquiring a print was more affordable than acquiring an oil painting. Starting in the eighth century, Japanese artists used printmaking to make multiples of Buddhist manuscripts. Printmaking initially flourished as a form of communication, for it enabled artists to disseminate artowrk to large numbers of people. As papermaking techniques spread from China to the rest of Asia, the Middle East, and Europe, printmaking became increasingly widespread and technologically sophisticated. Chinese scholars created rubbings from carved texts around 200 AD, an early form of printing that could be done on paper and silk.īecause it's affordable and suitable to printing, the invention of paper is a hugely important moment in the history of printmaking. In approximately 500 BC, Sumerians carved images on cylinder seals that could be pressed into wet clay, thereby creating multiple imprints to indicate the ownership of goods. The first prints are attributed to prehistoric times, when humans placed used their hands as stencils by placing them on cave walls and blowing pulverized pigment around them to create repeatable images. By repeating the printing process, the artist is able to create multiple original works of art. The surface is then inked, and pressed onto paper to create an original print. To make a print, the artist typically creates an image on a flat surface. Originally used as a form of communication, printmaking is a valued artistic medium with unique technical qualities. Printmaking has helped shape culture in all parts of the world. History of Printmaking Compiled by Highpoint Center for Printmaking